Liberal Democracies Must Protect (Hateful or Dumb or Disagreeable) Free Expression |
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by Michael Moynihan, April 17, 2008 |
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There are a number of points on which Ali Eteraz and I agree. Despite my general hostility to organized religion, I too have little patience for Robert Spencer-type arguments that Islam is possessed with a preternatural desire to force unbelievers into a state of "dhimmitude," nor am I terribly concerned that the minarets of "Eurabia" will soon encircle the Islamisized capitals of Western Europe. As I noted in my Reason column, I have little interest --- and little academic qualification --- in such conversations, and will leave the discussions of Koranic interpretation to theologians and historians. But thankfully, for the sake of Jewcy's readers, there is much on which we disagree. But let me start be reiterating that I too was unimpressed by Wilders film, and his views of Islam still strike me as reductive and, to put it mildly, incomplete.
So let’s get right to a few important points of
disagreement: I suspect that Ali
Geert Wilders: Is he not a man entitled to human rights? If he picks, does he not bleed? understood that I would strenuously object to
his characterization of Wilders as a "threat to liberal society" --- a threat
to whom? How grave a threat? --- and that there exists, as he writes, some “threat
of discussion.” And while I can, I suppose, sympathize with his desire to "rid
liberal society of people like Wilders," it is worth pointing out that here Ali
is entering pie-in-the-sky, Five Year Plan territory. Besides, any attempts to
purge people with unpopular opinions from polite society risks having the very
opposite effect.
Ali also advises that, to achieve harmony amongst Muslims and non-Muslims, it is necessary “ignore Michael's exhortation about looking out for Wilders rights, and spend our time either ignoring or mocking him.” This is a perfectly baffling sentence. Ali will find that my editorial in support of Wilders' right to hate Islam is also an exhortation to debate him (Mocking, devoid of serious debating or debunking, will likely be an ineffective weapon). But if Ali truly believes that Wilders shouldn't be prosecuted for thought crimes --- as was suggested by both implicitly and explicitly by Dutch Muslim groups and members of the Balkanende government --- then he must, on some level, be concerned with the right to free speech.
Instead, you advocate threatening Wilders --- “The only way we can make this showing is if Wilders is aware that he is perpetually ‘this close’ to losing his right to offend --- which sounds as if your conception of free speech comes with a few conditions. So, Ali, what do you propose to do? On the one hand, you defensively write that no law should be created or employed that would abridge Wilders' right to free speech, though you want to threaten to silence him in order to demonstrate that, in a liberal society, there are times when the government must be illiberal. So how do you suggest we force reasoned discourse if not by the force of law? And who will determine what is offensive?
I agree with Ali that there has been in a shift in Dutch perception of Islam, but his analysis is oversimplified, focusing largely on what he sees as a perception that “immigrants from Muslim countries are viewed as being inherently incapable of becoming good citizens in the West.” In the argument about Islamic extremism, foreign policy “blowback,” and America’s standing in the Muslim world, it has been a frequent refrain that we must look inward, and ask “why they hate us.” Ali’s position is an admirable one; it is worth repeating that other frequent refrain here: radical Islamists are in the minority.
But that said, we must see if there is indeed an integration problem in the Netherlands, we must honestly assess whether there indeed exists a perception that assimilation of the country’s Muslim immigrants is hopeless. In other words, let us also ask "why do they hate them?" We therefore cannot discuss the issue of Dutch "intolerance" while ignoring the brutal murder of Theo van Gogh, the armed cells of radicals broken up by Dutch police, Rotterdam’s imam declaring that "Homosexuality does not only affect the people who have this disease, but it can also spread." That "40 percent of the Moroccan youth in the Netherlands reject western values and democracy," according to a study by the University of Amsterdam’s Center for Radicalism and Extremism Studies, cannot be blithely dismissed as the byproduct of Islamophobia. Wilders may be a boor, but that shouldn’t obscure the real problems of radical Islamism and religious Balkanization in Holland.
Before I run too long, allow me to object to the logical
fallacy of Ali's comparison of
The true meaning of freedom Wilder's anti-Islam film and to the public
rejection of racism or sexism. I am of course not the first to make this
distinction, but I think it is worth repeating that the adoption of a religion,
even if bequeathed to you by your parents or community, is still a choice. It
is a set of superstitious beliefs and moral precepts. Theological issues are
something with which we can vigorously disagree and debate. Gender and race are
immutable; one cannot choose these things. It would be quite different, then,
if Sam Harris or Richard Dawkins were to write book-length attacks on blacks or
women rather than religion and the religious.
And one final point: Ali also says that those of us who defend democracy have allies, and those allies are the brave Iranian students who defy the vile regime under whose boot heel they live and not Mr. Wilders (who is brave in his own right). Well now. Can one not name both as worthy of protection? Can we venerate one and merely argue that the other should be allowed to insult a religion because he believes it to be irredeemably violent? Democracy, after all, means defending the rights of those who possess opinions both decent and indecent. There are real consequences if we were to abandon either.
You want to tell Iranian students that “as you fight your supremacists [the Mullahs], we fight ours [Wilders].” While I am loathe to accuse Ali of employing moral equivalence, I must strongly object to his suggestion that those who hang gay men from cranes in Tehran are morally as reprehensible, are an equal threat to civilization, as a marginal politician who denies that moderate Islam exists. There is, you must admit, a difference.
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On Geert Wilders And Other Threats To Liberal Society |
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by Ali Eteraz, April 17, 2008 |
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Prior to Geert Wilders' release of
the film, Fitna, Reason Magazine's
Michael Moynihan wrote a piece on
the subject, which is worth reading as he and I are about to engage in a
mini-dialogue on many of the questions it raises.
Michael argued that while Wilders
was "something of an extremist" and whose views on Islam were
"both reductive and puerile" his film, once released, needed to be
engaged "on its intellectual merits." Further, he argued that
"not to support Wilders" was tantamount to acquiescing to
"bullying" by "religious crackpots."
At the broad level, Michael and I
agree that Wilders' film should not have been banned and needed to be engaged
on its merits.
In my review of the film, I did
precisely that. So did numerous other people,
Iranian Student Protestors: Far more deserving of our sympathy than an illiberal fraud like Wilders including Irshad Manji
(in both English and Arabic), Sadegh Kabeer, (Iranian in the Middle East) and Mona Eltahawy (Egyptian in
the US). Not one of these three Muslim dissenters -- each with a long history
of disavowing Muslim extremism -- found Wilders' film interesting or coherent.
The film is intellectually lacking.
Where I particularly disagree with
Michael -- and why I maintain that we owe nothing to Wilders -- is over the
fact that Wilders is a threat to liberal society. I do not believe that
Wilders' views must be criminalized by the state, but they should be deemed out
of the bounds of liberal society much the same way that we consider discrimination
on the basis of gender unacceptable. Further, the threat of a civil and
democratic discussion --- yes, the threat of a discussion --- about the
criminality of his views should be left on the table as a deterrent. Our aim
should be to rid liberal society of people like Wilders. This can only start if
we ignore Michael’s exhortation about looking out for Wilders’ rights, and
spend our time either ignoring or mocking him.
Wilders' obfuscations are
pernicious. He conceals his xenophobic nativism by waving (incorrectly
translated and randomly picked) verses of the Quran. Sprinkled in the
middle of Fitna, which Wilders would have us believe is about the Quran, are
Dutch news clippings included for no other reason than to provoke an emotional backlash against immigrants. This is why I don't
believe this film had anything to do with theology. Fitna was nothing more than a veiled attack on the newest
"outsider." Jews and Chinese in the past, the Polish in London today
and Latinos here in the US, have been the butt of similar tactics by
ideologues. Demagogues enjoy taking pot-shots at the things immigrants hold
closest --- in this case, the Quran. I have no doubt that if it was Charlie and
the Chocolate Factory that Muslims held dear, Wilders would be trying to equate
Muslims with Oompa-Loompas. The job of public intellectuals like Moynihan is to
cut through the veneer and get to the heart of the matter.
Here, the heart of the matter is
nativism, not Islam, and not whether Wilders has an unqualified right to speak.
Today, in Europe, immigrants from
Muslim countries are viewed as being inherently incapable of becoming good
citizens in the West. It reminds me of the late 19th century when
discussion waged in Europe about how it was impossible for a Jew --- who gives obeisance to Talmudic Law --- to simultaneously give allegiance to
the state.
Similarly, the threat of "Eurabia," promulgated by men like Wilders, is not very different from the threat of "Aztlan"
raised by anti-immigrant forces in the US. Neither scenario is likely. But in a
picture where immigrants are painted as gang-bangers, rapists, arms and drug
dealers, rioters, and multiplying like the Borg, the narrative quickly shifts
from irrational phantasmagoria to social policies that are either explicitly
bigoted, or which turn a blind eye to the immigrants' concerns. This shifting
is what men like Wilders excel at.
What Wilders manages to do with
relative ease is to shift the discussion away from how power and resources
should be apportioned between native and immigrant Europeans into a referendum
on jihadism. This is wrong and unfair. By and large, European Muslim grievances
with Europe are grievances with the state apparatuses --- with unemployment, with
police brutality, with poverty. Yet Wilders and his cohorts would have us
believe that the issue is all of Islam all across the world and if you do not
characterize immigrants' agitations in a theo-political manner then you are
either "with the enemy" or have already turned into a "dhimmi."
This is called missing the point.
A perfect example of this
missing-the-point occurred during the riots by immigrant youth in France.
The New York Times and various other news agencies took a barracking, right here at
Jewcy, for referring to the rioters as "youth" and not as "Muslim."
Yet, the fact was that the latest rounds of the riots were touched off not only
by the 40% unemployment rate --- a rate that matches Saudi Arabia's --- among
immigrant youth but the police mandate to deport 25,000 illegal aliens a year
and the specific incident of the police rather
bizarrely running over a pair of youth on a motorcycle. As the UK Spectator and Reuters
both noted, what needn't have been about Islam, became about Islam.
If Wilders were interested in
discussing extremism, jihadism or even Islamism, he would have done it in a way that allowed Muslims who oppose these things to join with him. However, he
purposefully chooses to marginalize such people in order to pretend that they
don't exist. In some quarters this is called bigotry. I’ve already pointed out, even dissenting Muslims are acknowledging that while
Wilders shouldn't be banned, they are also feeling that he isn't someone to be taken seriously either.
There are reasons for this, reasons having to do with the fact that the guy is
not just a bore but also a boor. We don't jail boors, but we shouldn’t be
particularly interested in what they are saying either.
What people like Wilders
ultimately do is to encourage the worst parts of the discourse to feel
empowered, whether Islamophobic or Islamophilic. I am, for example, not
particularly surprised that on the heels of Wilders film we have news about
French Muslim graves --- from World War I no less -- defiled by Islamophobic
elements (which previously used Nazi imagery on Muslim graves). Nor am I
surprised that around the world handmaidens of
dictators have tried to stir violence in response to the film. (The
Jamat-e-Islami’s protests are particularly disgusting given that they
participated in the rigged 2002 elections of Pakistan and boycotted the 2008
elections because they were free and fair).
While I do not believe that we
ought to be influenced by what ayatollahs and extremists on the other
side of the globe think, I do think we ought to speak in a way that will
promote our values: democracy, decency and exemplarism. When the philosophers
Jürgen Habermas and Richard Rorty went to Tehran to criticize religious
oligarchy, their lectures were attended by an astonishing 1500 people. Those of
us who profess to support democracy cannot forget that in the world today our
allies aren't people like Wilders, but those 1500 dissenters in Iran who brave
torture and prison to exchange in the best of our ideas. If for no other
reason than for the sake of their emancipatory project, we should reach out to
them and tell them: As you fight your supremacists, we fight ours. The only way
we can make this showing is if Wilders is aware that he is perpetually
"this close" to losing his right to offend. I don't want Wilders
criminalized but I certainly don't understand why I ought help make him more
audacious.
At the end of the day, Michael, when I bully Wilders, it's not because I am a religious crackpot, or in league with any such people, or antagonistic to free speech, but because I consider Wilders a threat to our liberal principles (and so does the Dutch Parliament). As you said, people like Wilders have a right to offend, but simultaneously people like me have a right to chastise the offensive. My optimistic sense is that in liberal societies people like me far outnumber people like Wilders and always will. I happen to think this is a good thing.
| John Currin Fights Repressive Fundamentalism ... By Painting Porn? | |
| A painter challenges the forces of evil with sexiness | |
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by Steven Rybicki, February 1, 2008
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The Kissers: John Currin's paintings spark controversy
The artist John Currin is striving to bring sexy back, and he believes that the future of civilization depends on it.
The New Yorker profiled the artist's career last week, focusing on his recent pornography-inspired paintings. (A small portion of the article with artwork is online.)
Through "painting porn," Currin says that he seeks to challenge liberal, western
societies that have disavowed -- and refused to defend -- artists who
critique and attack puritanical, anti-sex ideologies, or offend the
sensibilities of religious fundamentalists. His interest was piqued by the
controversy over cartoons of Mohammed in European newspapers:
"That the Times decided it was not going to show the cartoons-O.K., they're terrible-ass cartoons from a quality standpoint, but the idea that those thugs get offended and we just acquiesce, that was the most astonishing display of cowardice. And the killing of Theo van Gogh, the film director, by some jihadist in Amsterdam-all of a sudden the most liberal societies in the world were having intimidation murders happen. That's when it occurred to me that we might lose this thing-not the Iraq war but the larger struggle." ... Currin talked about low birth rates in Europe, and people having sex without babies, and pornography as a kind of elegy to liberal culture...
Will Currin succeed in politicizing porn? Will his reaction-provoking paintings, such as "The Danes" and "Women of Franklin Street" inspire liberal societies to rise up against the forces of violent religiosity?
Maybe, but Currin fails to address an ominous paradox: He wants to spark resistance to censorship, but he's using a medium that has lost its ability to shock anyone. The pornography industry is suffering at the creatively destructive hands of the market. Sex has been sold, sold and sold. Consumers are past the point of saturation. The corporate extensions of the biz are in crisis due to Internet piracy and amateur video. High definition is "ruining" the "quality" of porn because every blemish becomes magnified, reducing those perfect bodies to flawed flesh with wrinkles and surgical scars.
Even the definition of pornography has been lost. The
hyper-publicized paparazzi trophies of 2007 -- crotch-shots of Britney
Spears and Lindsay Lohan -- blurred the line between pornography and
celebrity gossip-mongering.
The label "pornographic" no longer elicits major outrage. The majority
of our population would no longer hold book burnings to purify the
world of sinful material. Instead pornography simply bores us.
Unless the mullahs of London and Amsterdam
subscribe to the New Yorker or
take a pilgrimage to the Gagosian Gallery, Currin's jabs at sexually
repressed extremists might very well go unnoticed. (Will the same
newspapers that were afraid to run the Mohammed cartoons decide to
spotlight Currin's provocations?)
Nevertheless, Currin's intermingling of Hustlerian
voyeurism with "Mannerist compositions echoing Old Masters from Baldung
to Parmigianino" makes his work striking. Even if no political mobilization arises, Currin's
"elegy to liberal culture" is a solace for those who are disgusted
with flaccid western complacency.
Related: Arabs Hot For Israeli Porn
| Shvitz Spritz: Forget Free Speech | |
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by Avi Kramer, June 27, 2007
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| The Sierra Club: Izzy and Michael Debate | |
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by Michael Weiss, March 28, 2007
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One of the Offending Images: BobsYerUncle's effigy of SierraPrompted by my post below about l'affaire Sierra, Izzy engaged me in a Skype conversation. As always, it was more fun than either of us have any right to be having on the clock:
Izzy: So here's the thing: it sounds like you're advocating a "suck it up" approach. I mean, sure the internet is a nasty place. So's East New York. But if the police told any crime victim that they just shouldn't be in crime-ridden places, that would be hugely irresponsible.
Michael: Well, if you read her self-regarding post about the whole thing, you begin to think she's overreacting.
Izzy: I read it, and I don't. I can see how something in her tone could be off-putting – angry and scared people can sound a little self-obsessed. But legitimately – when someone threatens you, you become obsessed with your own well-being. I wouldn't have cancelled the conference, but i would have talked to the organizers about security.
Michael: The distinction is this: living in East New York means having to navigate a hazardous terrain everyday, and with no other choice in the matter. Starting a blog means granting yourself the ability to a) block comments, b) block certain ISP addresses, c) keep your identity, location private.
Izzy: But the comments weren't on her blog.
Michael: Some of them were.
| "Bloggers Are Not Journalists" | |
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by Michael Weiss, March 27, 2007
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So says Lithuanian parliament, denying one blogger the right of accreditation as a member of the Fourth Estate. Frankly, why such membership requires accreditation in the first place is the real question.
"This decision does not allow me to enjoy the rights and protection other journalists are entitled to," Liutauras Ulevicius, author of the www.blogas.lt/liutauras, said.
Parliament rejected his application for accreditation, saying he and other bloggers do not meet the legal definition of a journalist.
"The Media Law describes a journalist as a person who collects, disseminates and provides information to the media, based on a contract with the media, or who is a member of a journalists' union," parliament's education, science and culture committee said.
Ulevicius told AFP the decision breached his right to self-expression.
He vowed to appeal in the first instance to parliamentary administrators.
"If this does not help, I shall defend my rights in court," Ulevicius said.
| Hitch on Free Speech | |
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by Michael Weiss, March 23, 2007
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In honor of the French magazine editor who won a ridiculous and pathetic criminal case brought by the French state for his printing the Danish Mohammed cartoons. And bravo to Nicolas Sarkozy for his personal intervention in the matter.
| This Just In: Our Men Have Small Penises | |
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by Joey Kurtzman, December 11, 2006
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If the sign of a healthy democracy is a media that publishes “inconvenient truths,” then Indian democracy has no peer.
This weekend, the Times of India offered 450 million Indian men the following news in an article titled "Indian men don't measure up":
Indian men: Have had better weekends
Scientists at the country's premier medical research institute have just concluded an extensive two-year study of the penis sizes of Indian men. The data is still being collated and analysed by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), but..."data collected in Mumbai till 2001 showed that 60% of the participants measured 126 to 156 mm in length and 30% between 100 and 125 mm," said a city researcher, pointing out that [Indian penises averaged 5 cm shorter than the international average].
I'll never again complain about Ha'aretz carrying B'tselem reports.
Compounding the bad news is that a parallel study launched by the Pakistani Council of Medical Research has determined that Pakistani men have the largest penises in the world.